中肋骨条藻生产性培养的研究

通过对中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum Greville)进行近2年生产性培养,总结出一套切实有效的培养方法。在接种密度为1万-3万个细胞／ml下,经过3～5天的连续充气培养,藻密度可达80万-130万个细胞/ml。为对虾育苗厂中肋骨条藻生产性培养提供参考。     

虾池赤潮盛衰规律的研究

本文首次揭示了虾池赤潮在盛衰过程中池水溶氧、pH、PO_4—P 的变化特征及其与赤潮生物种类和数量的关系。研究表明,由中肋骨条藻和腰带光甲藻共同引起的虾池赤潮在全盛期的每日16:30左右可使池水中的溶氧量比未发生赤潮的虾池约高4mg/L,pH 值约高0.5;PO_4—P 含量于2:30左右达到最小值.8:30左右达到最大值。而水色的日变化则与赤潮生物的垂直移动有关。     

赤霉素和萘乙酸对中肋骨条藻生长的影响

研究了赤霉素、萘乙酸及不同配比对中肋骨条藻生长的影响,发现赤霉素在1.25mg/L、萘乙酸在0.75mg/L时对中肋骨条藻生长具有明显的促进作用;而赤霉素和萘乙酸混合作用时,以0.75:0.25mg/L的配比效果最佳。     

The use of diatom Skeletonema costatum on aquaculture‐produced purple sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) larvae and post‐larvae diet

The quality of the microalgae provided on Paracentrotus lividus larvae rearing is a primordial factor having a direct (nutritional properties) and indirect (water quality) impact on growth, competence and survival. Skeletonema costatum is a diatom commonly used in the bivalve cultivation. However, the use of this diatom in P. lividus larval cultivations is poorly known. The Rhodomonas spp. is a microalgae commonly used in sea urchin larvae culture. Three different diets were tested on P. lividus larvae and post‐larvae cultivation (D1—Rhodomonas marina, D2—S. costatum, D3—mixture of both algae). Larvae fed with the D2 diet (55.8%) and D3 (39.9%) had a survival at 15 DAH higher than D1 (5.5%). The low survival in D1 could be due to the higher microbiological load on microalgae (Vibrio alginolyticus and V. pectenicide). Larvae fed with S. costatum (D2) showed a lower development than other diets. The competency index was lower for larvae fed with the D2. These results show that microalgae diversified diets contribute to a better development of P. lividus larvae. During the settlement and post‐settlement phase, there was also a lower growth of the sea urchin fed with the D2 and a higher survival for D3.     

2种海洋微藻对氮浓度生长响应的研究

以中肋骨条藻和三角褐指藻为试验材料,探讨2种海洋微藻对氮浓度的生长适应性差异。结果发现2种海洋微藻的生长速率显著受氮浓度的影响。试验结束时,氮质量浓度为0.75、7.5、75 mg/L和150 mg/L时,中肋骨条藻的叶绿素荧光值分别为139.5、816.3、881.9μg/L和868.5μg/L;三角褐指藻的叶绿素荧光值分别为54.3、572.9、974.4μg/L和976.4μg/L,说明高质量浓度氮促进海洋微藻增殖,但超出一定的氮质量浓度范围,促进作用不明显。2种海洋微藻对氮质量浓度的生长响应存在显著差异,中肋骨条藻比三角褐指藻更忍耐低氮质量浓度的胁迫。结果证实氮营养在海洋微藻生长繁殖过程中的重要性,不同微藻对氮营养的生长适应性差异是决定微藻在海洋环境中占据优势程度的一个重要因素。     

Changes in Lipid and Fatty Acid Compositions of European Oysters Fattened with Skeletonema Costatum Diatom for Six Weeks in Ponds

To improve the condition index of European oysters (Crassostrea gigas), Skeletonema costatum was fed to adult oysters. However, the consequences of this practice on compositional traits of oysters were not investigated. This study deals with the chemical changes in oysters fed with Skeletonema costatum for six weeks in ponds.The results showed that:1. Supplying Skeletonema costatum to oysters for six weeks improved the condition index (from 26 to 56) as a consequence of an increase in glycogen content (from 5.0 to 24.4 g·100 g ^–1 of dry flesh) while lipid content remained steady (9.9 g·100 g^–1 dry flesh).2. Large changes in fatty acid composition of neutral lipids were observed. Some fatty acids of Skeletonema costatum such as 16:1 7 and 20:5 3, were directly accumulated into lipid fractions.3. 16:1 7 was elongated into 18:1 7 showing that oysters are able to elongate 16 carbon mono-unsaturated fatty acids into the corresponding 18 carbon fatty acids.4. Fatty acids typical of Skeletonema costatum (16:4 1, 16:2 4, 16:3 4) were poorly accumulated into neutral lipids and phospholipids of oysters suggesting that oysters discriminate these fatty acids.     

中肋骨条藻对低盐水虾池养殖生态的影响

中肋骨条藻是海水富营养化的标志性微藻和常见赤潮生物之一。在陆源低盐水中养殖南美白对虾期间,池塘里出现了持续时间较长的优势种中肋骨条藻。其对池塘生态的影响,本文做了初步的描述。相应的低盐度盐水高密度养虾模式的生态也做了初浅的划分。     

中肋骨条藻的室内筛选室外培养技术

骨条藻生长繁殖速度快、不容易污染。在室内水泥池中,从自然海水里筛选生产性纯种骨条藻藻液,在室外土池里通过对骨条藻生长繁殖所需要的各项理化因子、生物因子的控制,快速培养骨条藻。该技术简单、生产操作容易,适应于大规模的生产使用。